Sunday, 19 July 2015

91.8m above sea level - The Gota Canal part 1

We had just arrived at Arkosund when the blog was last updated. We will remember Arkosund for several reasons. It was very attractive - see photos below. It was the first, and so far only, place we've stayed where the showers are actually outside! And it was very popular with families. With children. Very noisy children. Children that stayed up until gone 2230. Being very, very noisy......

Anyway, some pictures:

The view from Cyclone at Arkosund

Cyclone at her Arkosund berth

View of Arkosund

... and another

If you can't move the rock, build around it!

We set off for Mem and the start of the Gota Canal just before 0700 on 8th July, aiming to arrive before the anticipated rush (July is the month that all of Sweden take holidays). As it happened, Mem was very quiet and this was how we found the canal for the first few days.


The start of the Gota Canal


The Gota Canal is one of  Sweden's best known and most popular tourist attractions. It has been named the Swedish Construction of the Millennium. The 102.6 Nm canal was built between 1810 and 1832 by a total of 58,000 Swedish soldiers who dug 47 Nm of it by hand.

The Gota Canal stretches between Mem at the Baltic Sea and Sjotorp on Lake Vanern, with 58 locks along the way. It's 64 Nm across Lake Vanern to Vanersborg, from where the Trollhatte Canal leads a further 43 Nm to Goteborg on the Swedish west coast.

As well as the locks, there are 45 bridges that need to be lifted, swung or slid out of the way for boats to pass - 4 of which are railway bridges. Last but not least, there are 2 aqueducts and 2 high bridges that boats can pass under. All in all, quite a feat of engineering.

It's not cheap to navigate - approximately £500 for our boat - but when you take into account the number of staff required to man the locks and the maintenance requirements of all those bridges etc, you can see why. That £500 also enables you to stay at any of the marinas along the canal free of charge for up to 5 nights - including showers, washing machines and electricity. The longer you take, the better value it becomes!

From the Skipper's Guide:

"Plying the Gota Canal in your own boat is one of the most relaxing activities there is. The amazing surroundings entrance you as you sit at the rudder, gliding along at a peaceful five knots. Now and then you arrive at one of the 58 locks. The landscape shifts between cities, plains and even untouched forest."

Relaxing? Now and then you arrive at one of the 58 locks?! Let's do a bit of basic maths. The canal is 102.6 Nm long. That includes Lake Roxen, Lake Boren, Lake Vattern and Lake Viken which together account for 51.3 Nm. So the canal "proper" is actually 51.3 Nm long. There are 58 locks, so that's 0.88 Nm on average between each lock (1.77 Nm if you include the Lakes). At 5 knots you cover 1 Nm in 12 minutes, so 0.88 Nm takes 10.6 minutes to cover. (1.77 Nm takes 21.2 minutes). Now and then you arrive at one of the locks. Yeh, right!!

In practice the locks are often grouped together, with double locks being common and two staircases - one of 7 locks and one of 5. This means that there is actually a stretch with no locks for 10 miles - known as the long canal - although that does have 7 bridges and 2 aqueducts!

So having established that the canal isn't at all relaxing, what's it like? As always, I think pictures give a better impression than words:

The view from Cyclone at Mem

A view over Soderkoping - our second stop. The canal runs between the town and the cliff

The Ramunder Berget nature reserve on the cliffs above Soderkoping

Huh?

Ahh! Will he make it? 

Phew. They got him!


The bell tower of S:t Laurentil Church - 1583. 50m high with 4 tonnes of bells 

A Soderkoping street. The town goes back to the middle ages when it was an important port

OK, it's pretty. But how do you see out?

Soderkoping mill

A very greedy person!

So what are the locks like? Well, they're nothing like those at Chichester, Port Solent or Hythe, that's for sure. Going up (which is all we've done so far) you rig a bow and stern line with bowline loops tied at the shore ends. The stern line goes to a stern cleat as you'd expect. The bow line passes through the bow cleat (or around a block mounted at the bow) and back to the cockpit where it is led to a sheet winch.

Note bow line going through the cleat and being led aft to a winch

As you approach a lock, the crew (Jo!) stands poised on the deck with both bow and stern line in hand. She then steps off the boat onto a jetty or wall as the boat slowly passes it and walks alongside the boat as it enters the lock with the lines ready to drop over rings on the dock wall. She places the stern line first and the skipper (me!) stops the boat and secures the other end of the stern line to the stern cleat of the boat. Meanwhile, Jo has swiftly moved forward to drop the bow line over a ring, after which I haul it tight around the winch.

Cyclone secured in the lock. Note the dock ring

The lock is then filled by a student on a summer job (I assume!) at great speed, so that the boat does its best to dash itself to pieces on the lock wall. OK, I exaggerate, but the flow into the lock is very fast (the lift is typically 3m so I suppose it has to be) and I have to work hard to keep the boat close to the lock wall by hauling or winching in the bow line as the level rises. Multiple fenders are a must!

The lock being filled

Then it's just a case of removing the lines from the dock wall, stepping back on board (Jo) and motoring out of  the lock. Then repeat. And again. And again......

What could possibly go wrong? Well, so far we've:

  • Lost the stern line from the boat when entering the lock so that I've had to catch it as it hung from the dockside ring before securing it.
  • Lost both ends of the stern line (luckily it fell onto the boat) so that I've had to secure it to the boat and throw the other end up to Jo so that she could secure that to the dock.
  • Bounced gently off the lock wall when dropping Jo off before entering the lock (thank goodness for those teak rubbing strakes!)
  • Left Jo behind at a lock so she's had to walk/run to the next one (it wasn't deliberate, honest!)
  • Had difficulty securing the bow line such that the bow has drifted dangerously close to the adjacent yacht before being caught just in time
  • Jo has tripped over a ring (when I told her to hurry up!) and added a small cut to her many bruises (mine are bigger though!)
I've heard the canal referred to as divorce alley, but I've no idea why! So far Cyclone has come through unscathed and Jo and I will heal!

Time for some more pictures:

One of the passenger boats which have priority and can cause delays at locks

A canal view

Cyclone at Norsholm, our 3rd port of call

Norsholm lock with railway bridge

Looking back at Norsholm lock

Lake Roxen

Carl Johan lock staircase at Berg - 7 of 'em

On our way up

Berg marina

Our line attached to a stern buoy at Berg, complete with squatters!

Lake Roxen from the top of the Carl Johan locks

Vreta abbey near Berg

Vreta kloster attached to the abbey and Sweden's oldest monastery (1120)

Passenger vessel in Oskars slussar at Berg

Our first queue. Everyone left Berg at the same time. 8.5 hours to cover 19 miles 

One of many bridges

A pastoral scene. The sign indicates 300m to a lock or bridge

Not a bad pad!

An aqueduct with a road underneath

Manual lock at Borensberg. Weight loss programme?!

Lake Boren

The foot of Borenshult lock staircase - 5 locks

That's a first!!

Lake Boren from the top of the Borenshult locks

Too late for the Borenshult locks, so this was our berth for the night. Not a bad view

Railway museum near Motala

Motala railway bridge

The view from Cyclone at Motala

As above

Nesting Swifts(?) in the Motala facilities

And Motala is where we currently reside. It blew a houlie last night and it's still windy now, with wavelets cresting the pontoon that separates us from Lake Vattern.

Our view of Lake Vattern in a F6. A lumpy night!

We're now at an altitude of 88.5m with only another 3.3m  to go before we reach the canal's highest point at Lake Viken. It's all downhill from there!

37 locks behind us and just 21 to go!

Monday, 6 July 2015

When is a rock an island? The Stockholm Archipelago

The Stockholm archipelago consists of water and a whole bunch of rocks. Quite a few rocks, it's true. Some of which have grass on them. A lot have trees too. And some have people living on them as well.

But when is a rock an island? This has been the subject of many a debate between us (never a dull moment here, I can tell you!).

We started off by applying a simple size criteria but this didn't work in practice. We both agreed that a large, bare rock was less of an island than a smaller one with a tree on it.

So the ability to support life was clearly a factor, But what life? Just grass, or did it have to be something taller? And, if so, how tall?

If a rock had animals living on it, would that make it an island? It seemed so to us - at first. But when we explored this a little deeper, we realised that the type of animal was all important. A cow was one thing - definitely island status for that rock! - but what about a rock with birds living on it - birds who got their water and food from elsewhere? Or a rock with an ant? Clearly the presence of animal life was not sufficient in itself for a rock to claim island status.

We still haven't successfully defined an island, although we think that a point scoring criteria taking account of the above factors (amongst others} is clearly the way forward. It seems that we're not alone in this, as I can't find anywhere that quotes a definitive number of islands in the Stockholm archipelago. One source quotes nearly 30,000 - yes you read that right, thirty thousand! - islands, islets (we never even considered classifying islets!) and rocks. Which brings me back to my opening sentence; the Stockholm archipelago consists of water and a whole bunch of rocks.

Our first glimpse of the archipelago was from the top of a communications tower in Stockholm.

The archipelago from the communications tower

And again

This was on the day I discovered that you got a free night at the marina if you paid for 6 so, having already paid for 5, we decided to hang on a bit and have a lazy day or two.

Stockholm from the tower

And again. It's spread over 14 islands, you know.

One issue with delaying our departure from the marina was that the round Gotland sailing race was due to set off on our departure day. This race is a bit like a Round the Island (Isle of Wight) race on steroids, covering some 350 miles through the archipelago, around Gotland and finishing in Sandhamn. It takes 2 to 3 days to complete, non-stop. Apart from not wishing to get caught up in this, we weren't allowed to be in the harbour between 0930 and 1500. We therefore had to set off quite early to ensure we were clear of the restricted area before the crazy people got there.

The day before the main event was an inshore race around the archipelago. The picture below is of one of the group starts:

Inshore race start - all disappointingly civilised!

We hadn't realised just how challenging this racing would be until we got into the archipelago itself. Apart from the gaps between the islands being quite narrow at times, the tall trees on them play havoc with both the wind's speed and direction. These guys have to work really hard to make decent progress and I take my hat off to them.

We couldn't leave Stockholm without a picture of the marina's sauna. A true hobbit version and the only one we've ever seen with an outboard motor!

Sauna - complete with outboard!

The best way to describe the archipelago is with pictures, not words. The problem is that they don't do it justice because you only get a view in one direction and can't look around you to take it all in. Anyway, here goes:

En route to our first night at anchor

Not a bad pad. Complete with boat house and mooring

The view from our boat. Anchorage in Gallno

Sunset at Gallno

En route to our second anchorage

Assistance from the natives of Krokholmsviken? Our second night's anchorage

View from our boat at Krokholmsviken

En route to our third anchorage

The entry to Sack - our third night's anchorage

The entrance was quite narrow....

Views of Sack from Cyclone

More views of Sack

Classic yacht moored just outside the entrance - seen on departure

En route to our fourth anchorage

There may not be much space between the islands, but that doesn't mean it's not deep!

Our fourth anchorage - Kolnasviken on Orno

Another view of Kolnasviken from Cyclone

Having been on the boat for 4 days, we thought it was time to get some exercise. There was also the small matter of 4 days of rubbish to get rid of! The dinghy was duly inflated and we rowed the 25m to Orno. We had a rudimentary map of the island in our guide book, which I did my best to reproduce onto a scrap of paper, and we set off to cross the island.

Orno. Most of it was like this

Now my cartographic skills don't match those of my former colleagues at Ordnance Survey, so when the opportunity came to check we were going the right way I took it. The people I asked spoke excellent English (of course!) and confirmed that we were on the right road. They then offered to give us a lift. Tempting as this was (it weren't arf hot mum) we remembered that we were supposed to be getting some exercise and so politely declined. About half an hour later, I thought I recognised the car that was pulling to the side of the road ahead of us. Sure enough, it was the people we'd spoken to previously. They'd been to a tourist information centre and brought us back a map which they then used to show us all the places of interest to visit! Such kindness.

A disused quarry on Orno. Now a reservoir.

Orno's wooden church - built 1886 

Some flowers by the roadside. Tall, purple ones....

Letterboxes. But where are the houses?

Cyclone at anchor in Kolnasviken

View from Cyclone's orangery at our fifth anchorage - Ranohamn, Rano

And another view of Ranohamn. Look at the crowd tied to the rocks!

Now we've mentioned our friends from the Netherlands before but, to recap, we met when we rafted alongside them at Scheveningen in April. We then bumped into them unexpectedly at Utklippan in June, from where we took their tip and followed them to Gronhogen. We saw them briefly once more in Kalmar, which wasn't a surprise as we knew they intended to go there.

Now those who've been paying attention will know that there are some 30,000 islands, islets and rocks in the Stockholm archipelago. I don't know how many anchoring opportunities they create between them, but it's more than a few! So what are the chances of us being in the same one as Alfred and Marjolein on the same night? Pretty slim I'd have thought, so we were both surprised and delighted to see them entering Ranohamn as we sat at anchor. They'd painted their decks since we last saw them - and very nice they looked too - but if that was an attempt at a disguise, it didn't work because we spotted them anyway!

Marjolein and Alfred's boat - Ranohamn

After a week anchoring in the archipelago it was time for us to leave. This was for several reasons - including the desire for a hot shower (Jo) and the fact that we were running out of water. However, strange as it may sound considering the beauty of the place, we'd actually seen enough. We put this down to the Plitvice effect.

The Plitvice Lakes National Park is in Croatia. It has many spectacularly beautiful waterfalls - just Google it to see some images. Jo and I went there on our motorbike many years ago when it was still Yugoslavia and were totally wowed by it - at first. "What a beautiful waterfall" we exclaimed as we came upon the first one. And the second. And the third. And so on.... But eventually it became "Look, another waterfall". And eventually "Yeh, it's a waterfall". You can only be bowled over by a particular beauty for so long and then it just becomes the norm - or at least that's how it is for us. The Stockholm archipelago is a truly beautiful place and, if you get the opportunity, perhaps you should see it for yourself. But, ultimately, it's just a lot of islands, islets, rocks, trees and water.....

And so on 5 July we set off for Arkosund on the mainland, passing the landmark Landsort lighthouse as we left the archipelago. This is Sweden's oldest lighthouse and is visible for 22Nm.

Landsort lighthouse (the white one with the red hat)
Arkosund is where I'm writing this and where the story ends for now. In a couple of days we'll travel the 20 miles to Mem and the start of the Gota Canal.

Addendum - there's no need to read this bit...... Really. No need...

Whilst anchored in Sack, my right ear became blocked. If this has happened to you, you'll know it can be really quite painful and is usually cleared by a visit to the nurse / doctor for an ear syringing. Well, there aren't any nurses or doctors in an anchorage and so we were faced with a trip to the mainland, a marina stay, and a possible delay of several days while I tried to sort out the vagaries of a health service in a foreign land and waited to see a nurse. Of course, I tried all the things you're not supposed to do - sticking matchsticks in my ear, followed by tweezers - but to no avail. I even filled up an empty shower gel bottle with water and sprayed that at my ear with identical results. 

Enter Jo with an idea - remarkable not just because she had one, but because it worked!!

Jo - my heroine. I've been waiting for an opportuity to use this picture......

And here it is. A Sizilia bottle.  Ostensibly some lemon juice flavouring stuff (which may or may not be good - its contents had to be sacrificed) but actually a DIY ear syringing kit! 

Sizilia - DIY ear syringing kit extraordinaire!
Now I'm not suggesting you try this at home, but my Sizilia bottle is going nowhere. 5 minutes with this and ahhhh! The relief!

I did say you didn't need to read this bit....